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European journal of molecular biology and biochemistry

Volume 1, Issue 5, 2014
Mcmed International
European journal of molecular biology and biochemistry
Issn
2348 - 2192 (Print), 2348 - 2206 (Online)
Frequency
bi-annual
Email
editorejmbb@mcmed.us
Journal Home page
http://mcmed.us/journal/ejmbb
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Abstract
Title
REGULATION OF GLUCONEOGENESIS AND PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY BY INTRACELLULAR AND EXTERNAL METABOLIC REGULATORS: A REVIEW
Author
Fares K. Khalifa*
Email
dr.fareskhalifa@gmail.com
keyword
Endotoxin, Pre-eclampsia, Normal pregnancy, Total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, Triglycerides.
Abstract
The metabolism of sugars is an important source of energy for cells. Animals, including humans, typically obtain significant amounts of glucose and other sugars from the breakdown of starch and glycogen in their diets. Glucose can also be supplied via breakdown of cellular reserves of glycogen. Significantly, glucose also can be synthesized from noncarbohydrate precursors by a process known as gluconeogenesis. Each of these important pathways, as well as the synthesis of glycogen from glucose Another pathway of glucose catabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, is the primary source of NADPH, the reduced coenzyme essential to most reductive biosynthetic processes. For example, NADPH is crucial to the biosynthesis of fatty acids and amino acids. The pentose phosphate pathway also results in the production of ribose-5-phosphate, an essential component of ATP, NAD+, FAD, coenzyme A, and particularly DNA and RNA.
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