European journal of molecular biology and biochemistry

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF HILL-BANDA TRIBAL POPULATION OF ODISHA WITH REFERENCE TO ADH AND ALDH2 GENE VARIANTS

J.K. Nayak1 and P.K. Das2

jayanta.nayak@rediffmail.com

Hill-Banda, Genetic Diversity, Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH), Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH).

Hill-Banda tribal population (also commonly known as Bondo, Bondo-Highlanders) is one particularly vulnerable tribal group of Odish settled in Banda Hill of Khairput Block of Malkanagiri district. The hills lie between 180.15‟ to 180.30‟ North latitude and 820.15‟ to 820.30‟ East longitudes. The entire area is a hilly and mountainous terrain covering about 130 square kilometres with altitudes approximately ranging from 1,500 feet to 3,700 feet from the mean sea level. Though this population is now isolated and endogamous in nature, still genetically they are not homogeneous in nature. Primarily this study was designed for studying the protective aspect of ADH and ALDH2*2 gene variants against alcoholism, but researcher try to understand the genetic distance with other populations and genetic diversity of Hill-Banda tribal population with reference to ADH and ALDH2 gene variants. In this present study the alcohol drinking habit of hill-Banda tribe was studied and for knowing the status of alcoholism problem, modified Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test schedule was tested for 714 households of 1411 individuals (618 male + 793 female). Out of these, 110 unrelated individuals (18 years and above) blood samples were collected in 6ml K2EDTA vacutainer for DNA analysis taken with consent for the analysis of protecting nature of ADH and ALDH2*2 gene. PCR standardised with MJ Research (PTC-200) gradient cycler PCR system and regular PCR activities done by ABI GeneAmp 9700 thermalcycler. PCR amplicons (70ng) were directly sequenced using the ABI Big-Dye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Kit. Extended products were purified by alcohol precipitation followed by washing with 70% alcohol. Purified products were analysed in ABI 3730 automated DNA analyser using 10% Hi-Dye Formamide. Sequencing results were checked by sequencing analysis v5.2. Genetic distance analysis and dendogram are made with the help of DISPAN software. From these analysis, it is observed that in ADH variant, hill-Banda population are close to the Gond and the Sahariya population, whereas ALDH2*2 variant wise they are close to mongoloid groups.