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American Journal of Oral Medicine and Radiology

Volume 11, Issue 1, 2024
Mcmed International
American Journal of Oral Medicine and Radiology
Issn
XXX-XXXX (Print), 2394 - 7721 (Online)
Frequency
bi-annual
Email
editorajomr@mcmed.us
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Abstract
Title
PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY – A CASE REPORT
Author
Guru T. Arun1, Deivam S2, Prabhu N3*
Email
leptoprabhu@gmail.com
keyword
PML, AIDS patients, MRI, temporoparietal subcortical white matter.
Abstract
Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system which affects the white matter and cause by the reactivation of HIV. We report the case of 55 year old man with HIV for 14 years and have increasing left sided hemiparestesia to coordination disorder. While he underwent radiodiagnosis, MRI showed asymmetrical areas of high signal intensity on T2 and FLAIR weighted sequences on pons, dorsal midbrain, bilateral frontal and right temporoparietal subcortical white matter without mass effect and contrast enhancement. Retrospectively, patient was examined for JC-virus and was found to be positive. The epidemiology of the disease has changed and the majority of cases now occur in association with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). MR imaging is the preferred imaging method for diagnosis of PML. Typically, PML appears as widespread, asymmetric lesions in the white matter. The lesions are focal, discrete and asymmetrical. HAART at present is the most effective treatment for PML. It is postulated that HAART reduces the viral load and thus improving the immune function.
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