International Journal of Advances In Case Reports

PATTERNS AND OUTCOMES OF STROKE HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS IN THE MIDDLE PROVINCE OF SAUDI ARABIA

Intsar S Waked1 and Abdel Hameed Nabil Deghidi*2

a.deghidi@mu.edu.sa

Stroke, Pattern, Outcomes, admission and Province.

ABSTRACT Stroke is one of the largest health burdens in developed countries, as well as in developing countries. The epidemiology of stroke may be changing over time as a result of a number of factors, including an aging population and advances in the prevention and treatment of stroke. The Objective of this study was to design and identify the risk factors, patterns and outcomes of stroke hospital admissions in the Middle Province of Saudi Arabia. A retrospective study of consecutive acute stroke patients admitted to the medical wards in the study period. All patients were assessed individually by one of the two available neurologists. Data was collected on pre-designed protocol, and analysis was performed using tables and figures, and SPSS v.20 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Around 300 Saudi patients studied fulfilled the criteria for stroke. The male: female ratio of the patients was 1.95:1, and their ages 61.93±12.14 years (range 33-89 years). Out of all patients, 89% were more than 45 years. There was an increase incidence in males as compared to females, 198 males 102 females and the overall. The relative frequencies of stroke subtypes were Large ischemic infarcts (52.6%),while (25.2%) were lacunar infarcts, massive cerebral hemorrhage (19.6%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (2.6%).The most common risk factor was concomitant hypertension with diabetes mellitus(40%) followed by hypertension alone(20.8%), hyperlipidemia(9.9%) and diabetes(6.75).The outcome of stroke was death in 10% while vegetative in 16.3 %. However 60.3% improved without neurological deficit and 13.6% improved with neurological deficit. Hereby it was concluded that the necessity to establish the national project for stroke prevention and treatment similar to those in developed countries with favorable epidemiological data.