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Acta Biomedica Scientia

Volume 13, Issue 1, 2026
Mcmed International
Acta Biomedica Scientia
Issn
2348 - 215X (Print), 2348 - 2168 (Online)
Frequency
bi-annual
Email
editorabs@mcmed.us
Journal Home page
http://mcmed.us/journal/abs
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Abstract
Title
PHARMACOLOGY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS: MECHANISMS, CLINICAL APPLICATIONS, SAFETY CONCERNS, AND EMERGING TARGETED THERAPIES
Author
Lavanya A*, Rakesh B, Keerthi B, Sankeerthana P, Sneha Rani G
Email
arebonialavanya31@gmail.com
keyword
Anti-inflammatory drugs, Cyclooxygenase pathway, Corticosteroids, Biologic therapies, Chronic inflammation.
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory medications are critical therapeutic solutions that are used in the management of inflammation, pain, swelling and fever in a broad spectrum of acute and chronic illnesses. Inflammation is a protective mechanism of immune cells and chemical messengers, which include, but are not limited to, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, cytokines, and histamine; nevertheless, long-term inflammation is a contributory factor to diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and other autoimmune diseases. The pharmacology of the key anti-inflammatory drug classes such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologics, and novel small molecules are described. Blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins through the use of cyclooxygenase enzymes, corticosteroids through the use of phospholipase A 2 and inflammatory gene expression, NSAIDs and corticosteroids, respectively, have a potent immunomodulatory effect. Especially the long term safety issues, especially gastrointestinal, renal, metabolic, and infection-related risks are highlighted. New specific treatment methods like biologic therapy and JAK-inhibitors provide selective anti-inflammatory control and better disease management
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