American Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Research

ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A REVIEW OF NOVEL APPROACHES

Dr. Balasubramanian V1*, Balamurugan D2, Melbha Starlin Chellathurai3, John Singh Russel E3, Samsudeen R4

pharamabala@gmail.com

Drug Delivery Systems, Nanotechnology, Controlled Release, Targeted Therapy, Liposomes, Polymeric Nanoparticles.

The delivery system (DDS) has evolved more than ever before, gradually leaving behind the traditional formulation in the form of tablets, capsules and injections to the innovative system that has the capacity of controlled, targeted and responsive drug delivery. The use of traditional delivery systems is usually associated with shortcomings such as low bioavailability, systemic toxicity, non-specificity to the site, and non-compliance with the patients. Conversely, novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) utilize the emerging technologies in nanotechnology, biomaterials and intelligent polymers to improve the efficacy and safety of therapeutic delivery systems. Nanocarriers like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles have resulted in revolution in pharmacotherapy by enhancing solubility, stability and targeting efficiency. Physiological triggers such as pH, temperature or enzyme reactions are monitored by stimuli-responsive systems allowing drugs to be released in the desired location and quantity thereby reducing the side effects. Also, recent developments like microneedle patches, 3D printed dosage forms and transdermal systems have also enhanced patient ease and compliance. The combination of specific and controlled-release technologies has specifically been of benefit to cancer therapy, central nervous system conditions, diabetes management, vaccination and gene therapy. With these developments, there is an implication of a paradigm shift in personalized and precision medicine where drug delivery is best tailored to the needs of each patient. The current merging of nanotechnology with biotechnology and materials science is still reshaping the future of drug delivery with more efficient, safer, and patientcentered therapeutic results in the future