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European Journal of Environmental Ecology

Volume 10, Issue 1, 2023
Mcmed International
European Journal of Environmental Ecology
Issn
XXX-XXXX (Print), 2393 - 9672 (Online)
Frequency
bi-annual
Email
editorejee@mcmed.us
Journal Home page
http://mcmed.us/about/ejee
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Abstract
Title
ASSESSMENT OF BUTTERFLIES AT THE LA UNION BOTANICAL GARDEN (SAN FERNANDO, LA UNION, PHILIPPINES), THEIR DISEASES, NATURAL ENEMIES AND PREFERENCES FOR FOOD PLANTS
Author
1Alma E Nacua*, 2Gerard Q de Guzman and 3Gracebio Jonathan D. Alejandro
Email
almanacua@yahoo.com
keyword
Butterflies, La Union Botanical Garden, butterfly sanctuary, biodiversity, food plants
Abstract
There are no reports on the biodiversities of butterflies at the La Union Botanical Garden (LUGB). This study was undertaken to look into the species richness, diversity indices, natural enemies, diseases and food plant preference of butterflies at LUGB. Butterflies were collected by random sampling from 6 vegetative areas at LUGB. Standard methods of immobilizing, relaxing and mounting of specimens were done prior to specie identification. The natural enemies, diseases and food plant preferences were observed. The vegetation of LUGB is vast and varied, with both flowering, scented and dipterocarp plants. The families Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Papilionidae, Satyridae and Lycenidae are the dominant families represented by a total of 400 collections. The sunny areas of LUBG have higher butterfly diversity than the shaded areas. The bird Orioles sterii was found to be the common natural enemies. Butterfly diseases comprised mainly of bacterial, viral and fungal infections secondary to chemical poisoning. Ixora sp. and Carphalea kirondon, both from Rubiaceae, were the predominant food plants. This study indicates that more conservation measures must be observed for specie propagation and protection.
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