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European journal of molecular biology and biochemistry

Volume 6, Issue 1, 2019
Mcmed International
European journal of molecular biology and biochemistry
Issn
2348 - 2192 (Print), 2348 - 2206 (Online)
Frequency
bi-annual
Email
editorejmbb@mcmed.us
Journal Home page
http://mcmed.us/journal/ejmbb
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Abstract
Title
ANTIMICROBIAL SENSITIVITY AND MICROBIAL PROFILES IN VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS FOR TAILORED THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES
Author
Dr. Sushma Yadav B
Email
Dr. Sushma Yadav B @gmail.com
keyword
Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Antimicrobial resistance, endotracheal aspirates, Biofilm production, Intensive care unit, Empirical antimicrobial treatment
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) poses a significant threat to critically ill patients, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, including Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., and drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, further complicates treatment. Understanding local antimicrobial resistance patterns becomes crucial for initiating timely and effective empirical antimicrobial therapy. This study investigates the antimicrobial sensitivity of organisms isolated from endotracheal aspirates in a hospital's intensive care unit, where a majority of patients are mechanically ventilated. Gram stain and semiquantitative cultures were conducted on 70 endotracheal aspirates, revealing a positive culture rate. Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were the most common isolates, with Klebsiella and Staphylococcus aureus also identified. Notably, a significant portion of Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated resistance to cefoxitin, indicating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Imipenem was effective against most Gram-negative isolates, while extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) resistance was observed. Strikingly, most of the isolates exhibited biofilm production, with associated higher mortality rates. This underscores the importance of tailoring empirical treatment based on the hospital's bacteriological profile, local antibiogram patterns, and patient susceptibilities, emphasizing the need for institution-specific antibiotic policies
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